Albumin (Serum)
Albumin is a protein test that evaluates liver function, kidney health, and nutritional status by measuring the main protein produced by the liver.
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What this test measures
Albumin is a protein in the blood plasma that is made by the liver. It keeps fluid from leaking out of the bloodstream and helps vitamins, enzymes, hormones and other substances circulate throughout the body. Albumin is the single most abundant protein in plasma and constitutes about two thirds (60%) of total protein content.
The albumin test measures the amount of this important protein in the blood to help assess liver function, kidney health, and nutritional status. Because it is the main protein in human blood, decreases in albumin due to decreased synthesis or losses result in impaired regulation of intravascular oncotic pressure and manifest as edema. When albumin levels are abnormal, it may indicate various health conditions that require medical attention.
Who should consider this test
You might consider this test if you are experiencing any of the following:
- Individuals with symptoms suggesting liver disease, such as fatigue, nausea, abdominal swelling, or yellowing of the skin or eyes.
- Those with suspected kidney problems, including unexplained swelling, changes in urination patterns, or chronic fatigue.
- Patients with poor nutritional status, unexplained weight loss, or malabsorption disorders that may affect protein levels.
- People with chronic inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or lupus that can impact albumin production.
- Individuals being evaluated for protein deficiency or those recovering from serious illness, surgery, or burns that may affect protein metabolism.
What to expect
Preparation
No fasting or special preparation is required for this test. Individuals can eat and drink normally before the blood draw.
Sample Type
A healthcare professional will draw blood from a vein in the arm using a small needle. The process typically takes just a few minutes.
Collection
At the lab location, the collection site will be cleaned, a tourniquet may be applied to locate the vein, and blood will be drawn into a collection tube. A bandage will be placed over the puncture site.
Turnaround
Results are typically available within 1-3 business days and will be accessible through the patient portal with detailed reference ranges.
Understanding your results
Albumin results are reported in grams per deciliter (g/dL) and should be interpreted alongside other health information and laboratory values.
| Population | Reference Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Adults | 3.5-5.0 g/dL | Normal range for healthy adults; slight variations may exist between laboratories |
Reference ranges may vary by laboratory and individual factors. Results should be interpreted by a healthcare provider in the context of your overall health.
What does a “Low” result mean?
Low albumin levels might be the result of kidney disease, liver disease, inflammation or infections. Low albumin levels may indicate malnutrition, liver disease, kidney disease, or an inflammatory disease. Low albumin (hypoalbuminemia) is defined as less than 3.4-3.5 g/dL and is one of the strongest indicators of a severe underlying medical condition. Low levels may require further evaluation to determine the specific cause and appropriate treatment approach.
What does a “High” result mean?
High albumin levels are usually the result of dehydration or severe diarrhea. Higher albumin levels may be caused by acute infections, burns, and stress from surgery or a heart attack. The only cause of increased albumin is dehydration; there is no naturally occurring hyperalbuminemia. High levels typically indicate the need for increased fluid intake and evaluation of underlying causes of dehydration.
Privacy & confidentiality
All albumin test results are completely confidential and HIPAA-compliant. Results are not shared with personal doctors, added to medical records, or reported to insurance companies, ensuring complete privacy for those seeking discreet health monitoring.
Frequently asked questions
Related tests
Liver Panel
$39Comprehensive liver function assessment including albumin and other liver enzymes
View TestComprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)
$29Includes albumin along with kidney function, electrolytes, and glucose measurements
View TestKidney Panel
$49Evaluates kidney function which affects albumin levels and protein loss
View TestRelated conditions
CPT Code: 82040
This test may not be available in: NY, NJ, RI
This page is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider regarding any health concerns. LevelPanel does not diagnose, treat, or prescribe.
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