BNP / NT-proBNP (Heart Failure Marker)
The BNP/NT-proBNP test measures heart failure biomarkers to help diagnose heart failure and assess cardiac function when individuals experience symptoms like shortness of breath or chest pain.
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What this test measures
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a protein that's a type of hormone. A hormone is a chemical messenger in your bloodstream that controls the actions of certain cells or organs. Your heart (especially the left ventricle) makes this protein. NT-proBNP is like an ingredient that turns into BNP. These biomarkers are released when the heart muscle is under stress or working harder to pump blood effectively.
As your heart works harder and stretches, it releases more BNP. BNP prompts your kidneys to get rid of more salt and water through your pee. It also tells your blood vessels to open. According to the guidelines of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association (ACCF/AHA) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), BNP and NT-proBNP are considered to be the most valuable and reliable biomarkers for diagnosing HF and cardiac dysfunction. They are also responsible for the determination of the severity, guiding the relevant treatment strategies, and assessing the prognosis of heart disease.
Who should consider this test
You might consider this test if you are experiencing any of the following:
- Individuals experiencing shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue, or swelling in the legs or ankles should consider this test as these symptoms may indicate heart failure.
- Those with a personal or family history of heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, or previous heart attacks may benefit from BNP/NT-proBNP testing to assess cardiac function.
- Patients who have been hospitalized for cardiovascular issues or who take medications for heart conditions should consider this test to monitor their heart health.
- Individuals over 65 years of age may find this test valuable for early detection of heart failure, as the risk increases with age.
- People with kidney disease, obesity, or other conditions that can affect heart function should discuss this test with their healthcare provider as these factors can influence results.
What to expect
Preparation
No special preparation is needed for this test. Individuals may eat normally and continue taking their regular medications unless otherwise instructed by their healthcare provider.
Sample Type
A healthcare professional will draw a blood sample from a vein in the arm using a standard needle. The process typically takes just a few minutes and involves minimal discomfort.
Collection
At the lab location, staff will verify patient identification, clean the arm area, and draw blood into specialized tubes. The sample is then processed for analysis.
Turnaround
Results are typically available within 1-2 business days and will be securely delivered through the patient portal.
Understanding your results
A BNP or NT-proBNP test alone can't diagnose the cause of your symptoms. But in general, if you have symptoms that could be caused by heart failure: Normal results on a BNP or NT-proBNP usually mean that you're unlikely to have heart failure. Results should always be interpreted alongside clinical symptoms and other diagnostic information.
| Population | Reference Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Adults (BNP) | Less than 100 pg/mL | Normal range for adults; levels above may suggest heart dysfunction |
| Adults under 75 years (NT-proBNP) | Less than 125 pg/mL | Normal range for younger adults |
| Adults over 75 years (NT-proBNP) | Less than 450 pg/mL | Age-adjusted normal range for older adults |
Reference ranges may vary by laboratory and individual factors. Results should be interpreted by a healthcare provider in the context of your overall health.
What does a “Low” result mean?
If a person with shortness of breath has normal BNP or NT-proBNP levels, heart failure can usually be ruled out. Normal or low levels typically indicate good heart function and suggest that cardiac causes are unlikely to be responsible for symptoms like shortness of breath or fatigue. However, individuals with obesity may have falsely low levels, and those taking certain heart medications may have levels in the normal range despite having treated heart failure.
What does a “High” result mean?
BNP levels over 100 pg/mL and NT-proBNP levels over 900 pg/mL may be signs of heart failure. Your healthcare provider will need to do other tests to confirm the diagnosis. In general, the higher the level, the more serious heart failure may be. Elevated levels may also be associated with other conditions including kidney disease, lung disorders, or recent heart attack. The degree of elevation often correlates with the severity of cardiac dysfunction and can help guide treatment decisions.
Privacy & confidentiality
All BNP/NT-proBNP test results are completely confidential and protected under HIPAA regulations. Results are not shared with insurance companies, will not appear on insurance explanations of benefits, and are not automatically added to medical records unless individuals choose to share them with their healthcare provider.
Frequently asked questions
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CPT Code: 83880
This test may not be available in: NY, NJ, RI
This page is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider regarding any health concerns. LevelPanel does not diagnose, treat, or prescribe.
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Not sure if this is the right test? Contact our care team for guidance.