Lp(a) Lipoprotein(a)
The Lp(a) test measures lipoprotein(a) levels in the blood to assess cardiovascular disease risk, particularly important for those with family history of heart disease.
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What this test measures
The Lp(a) test measures the level of lipoprotein(a), a specific type of cholesterol-carrying protein particle in the blood. Lp(a) is a type of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) that contains an additional protein called apolipoprotein(a). Unlike other cholesterol particles, Lp(a) particles are stickier than other types of LDL particles and may be more likely to contribute to plaque formation in arteries.
Genetics control how much lipoprotein(a) individuals make, and by age 5, people usually have their "adult level" of Lp(a), and it tends to remain about the same for the rest of their life. Lp(a) is now widely recognized as an independent, causal, and prevalent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), including coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, and aortic valve stenosis. This test provides valuable information that cannot be obtained from routine cholesterol panels.
Who should consider this test
You might consider this test if you are experiencing any of the following:
- Individuals with a family history of early heart disease, particularly when a parent or sibling experienced heart attack or stroke before age 55 (men) or 65 (women).
- Those who have experienced heart attacks, strokes, or other cardiovascular events despite having normal or only mildly elevated standard cholesterol levels.
- People with familial hypercholesterolemia or other genetic lipid disorders, as more than 30% of people with this condition also have high Lp(a).
- Individuals with recurrent cardiovascular events despite optimal cholesterol management and other risk factor control.
- Anyone seeking a comprehensive cardiovascular risk assessment, as it is recommended that every American adult get their Lp(a) tested at least once in their life, while 1 in 5 people or 63 million people in the US have high Lp(a).
What to expect
Preparation
No special preparation is required for the Lp(a) test. Fasting is not necessary, and individuals may take medications as usual. The test can be performed at any time of day.
Sample Type
The test involves a simple blood draw from a vein in the arm. The process takes just a few minutes and involves minimal discomfort.
Collection
A trained phlebotomist will clean the area, insert a needle to collect the blood sample, and apply a bandage. Individuals can resume normal activities immediately.
Turnaround
Results are typically available within 2-4 business days and will be provided through secure online access with no doctor visit required.
Understanding your results
The normal range for Lp(a) is less than 30 mg/dL. Results may also be reported in nanomoles per liter (nmol/L), where high Lp(a) is higher than 100 nmol/L. These measurements help assess cardiovascular disease risk.
| Population | Reference Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Adults | <30 mg/dL (<75 nmol/L) | Normal/optimal range associated with lower cardiovascular risk |
| Adults | 30-50 mg/dL (75-125 nmol/L) | Borderline to high risk range |
| Adults | >50 mg/dL (>125 nmol/L) | High risk range associated with significantly increased cardiovascular risk |
Reference ranges may vary by laboratory and individual factors. Results should be interpreted by a healthcare provider in the context of your overall health.
What does a “Low” result mean?
Low or undetectable Lp(a) levels are generally considered favorable and indicate lower cardiovascular risk from this particular biomarker. Some people may even have undetectable levels of Lp(a). However, low Lp(a) does not eliminate cardiovascular risk, as other factors such as cholesterol, blood pressure, and lifestyle still play important roles in heart health.
What does a “High” result mean?
If individuals have high Lp(a), they may be more likely to have cardiovascular disease, even if other cholesterol numbers are normal. Elevated Lp(a) levels are associated with increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and other vascular conditions. Patients with Lp(a) levels >50 mg/dL are considered to have an increased risk of heart disease. High levels may indicate the need for more aggressive management of other cardiovascular risk factors.
Privacy & confidentiality
All Lp(a) test results are kept strictly confidential and are protected under HIPAA privacy regulations. Results are not shared with insurance companies, employers, or added to your permanent medical record without your consent. No doctor visit is required to access your results.
Frequently asked questions
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CPT Code: 83695
This test may not be available in: NY, NJ, RI
This page is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider regarding any health concerns. LevelPanel does not diagnose, treat, or prescribe.
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