Testosterone (Free & Total)
Comprehensive assessment of both total testosterone and biologically active free testosterone to evaluate hormone levels for men and women.
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What this test measures
This comprehensive test measures both total testosterone and free testosterone levels in the blood. Total testosterone represents all testosterone in the bloodstream, including hormone that is bound to proteins. Free testosterone is the small fraction of testosterone that circulates unbound and is immediately available for use by cells and tissues throughout the body.
Measuring both forms provides a complete picture of testosterone status. While total testosterone gives an overall assessment of hormone production, free testosterone specifically indicates the amount of hormone that is biologically active and able to perform essential functions like supporting muscle development, bone density, libido, and energy levels. The concentration of free testosterone is typically less than 2% of the total testosterone concentration, with more than 50% of total circulating testosterone bound to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and most of the rest bound to albumin.
What's included
Who should consider this test
You might consider this test if you are experiencing any of the following:
- Men experiencing symptoms of low testosterone such as reduced energy, decreased muscle mass, low libido, or mood changes
- Women with signs of excess testosterone including irregular menstrual cycles, excessive hair growth, or acne
- Individuals with conditions that may affect testosterone-binding proteins, such as obesity, liver disease, or thyroid disorders
- Men and women being evaluated for reproductive health issues or fertility concerns
- Adults monitoring testosterone replacement therapy or other hormonal treatments
- Those with unexplained fatigue, depression, or changes in body composition that may be hormone-related
What to expect
Preparation
No fasting is required for this test. For the most accurate results, blood should be collected in the morning between 7:00-10:00 AM when testosterone levels are typically at their peak. Individuals taking biotin supplements should discontinue use at least 72 hours before testing, as biotin may interfere with certain testosterone assays.
Sample Type
Blood sample collected through a standard venipuncture (blood draw from arm vein)
Collection
A trained phlebotomist will draw blood from a vein in the arm using a needle and collection tube. The process typically takes just a few minutes and requires no doctor visit.
Turnaround
Results are typically available within 1-3 business days after the lab receives the sample
Understanding your results
Test results include separate values for total testosterone and free testosterone, each with their own reference ranges. Healthcare providers typically evaluate both values together to get a complete assessment of testosterone status. Free testosterone often provides the most accurate picture of what is happening in the body when investigating testosterone levels, and healthcare providers may measure total testosterone, free testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin to get the most complete picture of hormonal health.
| Population | Reference Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Adult Males (19-49 years) | Total: 250-836 ng/dL, Free: 66-309 pg/mL | Normal ranges for healthy men of reproductive age |
| Adult Males (50+ years) | Total: 193-740 ng/dL, Free: varies by age | Testosterone naturally declines with age in men |
| Adult Females (19-49 years) | Total: 8-48 ng/dL, Free: varies | Women typically have much lower testosterone levels than men |
| Adult Females (50+ years) | Total: 2-41 ng/dL, Free: varies | Levels may decrease further after menopause |
Reference ranges shown are general guidelines. Your lab report will include the specific reference range used by the laboratory that processed your sample, which is the authoritative range for interpreting your results.
What does a “Low” result mean?
Low testosterone levels may be associated with various symptoms and conditions. In men, symptoms of low testosterone can include fatigue, low sex drive, erectile dysfunction, depressed mood, and difficulty building muscle mass. In women, low testosterone may contribute to decreased libido, fatigue, or reduced muscle strength. Testosterone typically drops by about 1% per year after age 30 in men, so some decline is considered a normal part of aging.
What does a “High” result mean?
Elevated testosterone levels may be associated with different conditions depending on the individual. In men, high testosterone is less common but may indicate conditions affecting the testes or adrenal glands. In women, elevated testosterone can be associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), adrenal disorders, or other conditions that increase androgen production. Symptoms in women may include irregular menstrual periods, excessive hair growth, acne, or male-pattern baldness.
Privacy & confidentiality
All test orders are authorized and results reviewed by an independent, board-certified physician who is not the patient's personal doctor. Your testosterone test results are completely confidential and private. Results are <u>not sent to your personal doctor</u> unless you specifically request them to be shared. The test is <u>not part of your medical records</u> and will <u>not appear on insurance statements</u> or explanation of benefits (EOB) forms. Your employer and insurance company cannot access these results. All testing is conducted by certified laboratories following strict privacy protocols, and results are securely delivered directly to you through our HIPAA-compliant patient portal. This allows individuals to assess their hormone levels privately and make informed decisions about their health without concerns about privacy or insurance implications.
Frequently asked questions
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CPT Code: 84403, 84402
This test may not be available in: NY, NJ, RI
This page is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider regarding any health concerns. LevelPanel does not diagnose, treat, or prescribe.
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